Candida lives in the body and on the surface of the skin, usually without issue. However, when it multiplies, it can cause an infection in various areas of the body, such as the:. Candida infection candidiasis can affect men and women, and is typically seen as harmless.
It can, however, be accompanied by a number of uncomfortable symptoms, and can be a recurring condition. Keep reading to learn more about recurring thrush, including what can cause it, and how to treat it.
Recurring thrush is not uncommon. According to Dr. Erika Ringdahl in an article published in the journal American Family Physician , a recurrent infection differs from a persistent infection due to the presence of a symptom-free period. Recurrent refers to a situation in which the condition comes back.
Persistent refers to a condition that never goes away. Ringdahl explained that more than 50 percent of women over the age of 25 years experience at least one thrush infection, specifically a vulvovaginal infection. Fewer than 5 percent of those cases become recurrent. After proper diagnosis to determine the kind of infection and its location, your healthcare provider will provide you with an antifungal treatment in one of the following forms:.
However, in more severe cases of recurrent or persistent thrush, your healthcare provider may recommend an extended treatment period, sometimes up to six months. You can also help to reduce the severity of thrush symptoms and lower the chances of recurrent thrush with home self-care, such as:. And a significant 1. Share this release. Share on: Twitter. Share on: Facebook.
Share on: LinkedIn. Further reading. Some modules are disabled because cookies are declined. Accept cookies to experience the full functionality of this page. We use cookies to optimize the website, no personal information is stored. Top of Page. Public health surveillance for candidemia in the United States Since , CDC has performed ongoing, active population-based surveillance for Candida bloodstream infections candidemia through the Emerging Infections Program EIP , a network of 10 state health departments and their collaborators in local health departments, academic institutions, other federal agencies, public health and clinical laboratories, and healthcare facilities.
Through this program, CDC monitors epidemiologic trends in candidemia and performs species confirmation and antifungal susceptibility testing on all available Candida bloodstream isolates to meet these public health needs: Track incidence of candidemia and estimate the total burden Identify new risk factors for candidemia Detect the emergence and spread of antifungal resistance Understand and describe specific genetic mutations associated with resistance Identify areas where candidemia prevention strategies can be focused CDC also collects data on healthcare-associated infections, including central line-associated Candida infections through the National Healthcare Safety Network NHSN , the largest healthcare-associated infection reporting system in the United States.
Candidemia trends in the United States Although there are notable differences by site, overall candidemia incidence has declined. Trends in antifungal resistance Some types of Candida are increasingly resistant to the first-line and second-line antifungal medications, such as fluconazole and the echinocandins anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin.
Deaths due to invasive candidiasis Invasive Candida infections are often associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, as well as increases in length of hospital stay. Candida infections lead to high costs Candida is a leading cause of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections in U.
Invasive candidiasis outbreaks Most cases of invasive candidiasis are not associated with outbreaks. Changes in prevalence of health care-associated infections in U. N Engl J Med. National burden of candidemia, United States external icon. Open Forum Infect Dis. Declining incidence of candidemia and the shifting epidemiology of Candida resistance in two US metropolitan areas, results from population-based surveillance external icon.
PloS one ;e Population-based active surveillance for culture-confirmed candidemia — four sites, United States, — Reemergence of intravenous drug use as risk factor for candidemia, Massachusetts, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. The changing epidemiology of candidemia in the United States: injection drug use as an increasingly common risk factor — active surveillance in selected sites, United States, —17external icon external icon.
Clin Infect Dis. Injection drug use-associated candidemia: incidence, clinical features, and outcomes, East Tennessee, — external icon. J Infect Dis. Neonatal and pediatric candidemia: results from population-based active laboratory surveillance in four US locations, external icon.
Changes in incidence and antifungal drug resistance in candidemia: results from population-based laboratory surveillance in Atlanta and Baltimore, external icon external icon. Clin Infect Dis ; Lockhart S. Current epidemiology of Candida infection external icon. Clin Microb News ; Species identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida bloodstream isolates from population-based surveillance studies in two U.
J Clin Microb ; Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis ; Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis: a persistent public health problem external icon.
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