Huqoq New Exodus Mosaic: Jodi Magness answers questions about the first ancient Jewish depiction of the Elim episode from the Book of Exodus found during the season. This is great. I like the images and background. However, were you see females faces, these females have short cropped hair. Whereas most women had longer hair, unless tied back or up. Is this not right? Would like to hear more on the cultural dressing of men and women at the time.
Hope BAR continued successes. I love your website! Thank you! That scene shows men high up in the branches of date palms; they are harvesting the fruit and lowering it to the ground via something like a zip line. In the background is a row of wells, a large city and a man carrying a jug of water. Magness admitted that without the caption, she would have had trouble identifying this scene. They arrived at a place with bitter water, and Moses performed a miracle to sweeten it.
A surviving portion of that verse pointed the researchers to the description of Elim. But for some reason, the mosaic maker decided to depict this small desert locale as a large fortified city. Magness and the other researchers have no explanation for why the mosaic contains such an unusual collection of scenes, including biblical events, historical events and spiritual symbols like the zodiac wheel.
It seems inexplicably eclectic. And then there are the esoteric bits, like the depiction of Elim. Still, she pointed out a number of recurring motifs — fish swallowing people, a lot of scenes of water, seas and sailors, and anticipation of the end of days.
The site is not open to the public, and the mosaics have been removed for conservation and the excavated areas have been backfilled. Take, for instance, the harpy-sirens. Anyone who lived in that world and thought about how a storm at sea looks thought of harpies.
According to the biblical commentary of the French rabbinical scholar Rashi Shlomo Yitzchaki, , who quoted earlier rabbinical sources, the 12 springs of water correspond with the 12 tribes of Israel and the 70 palms are the 70 elders. As the synagogue is thought to have been constructed in the early fifth century, could the mosaic, assembled in the fifth century, be a subliminal message, harkening to the waning powers of the Great Sanhedrin, disbanded by the Byzantine Empire in CE?
There, the Babylonian-captive prophet uses the creatures to represent the four kingdoms leading up to the end of days, explained Magness. Previous Huqoq excavations have led Magness to revise previously held conceptions of the practice of Judaism in the Byzantine era. But these mosaics, colorful and filled with figured scenes, attest to a rich visual culture as well as to the dynamism and diversity of Judaism in the Late Roman and Byzantine periods.
In , the relatively untouched and well-preserved Byzantine synagogue was discovered under the rubble of the modern Arab village of Yakuk that stood at the site until intentionally put to fire in Magness explained in a previous interview with The Times of Israel that her goal was to be able to excavate her own untouched synagogue and methodically analyze the related artifacts to put the site into a clear timeline.
The work of other groups of Jews have been lost. The archaeologist emphasized that all discovered mosaics have been removed for preservation and the site is backfilled. India bets its energy future on solar—in ways both small and big. Environment Planet Possible India bets its energy future on solar—in ways both small and big Grassroots efforts are bringing solar panels to rural villages without electricity, while massive solar arrays are being built across the country.
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